Global Broadcasting Systems :: essays research papers

This book is about the global broadcasting systems. The Preface says that things are changing so fast that the book will probably be outdated by the time we read it. On the other hand, it does provide a overhaul picture of television and other media around the world, at the moment in time when the authors did their research. The writers got help from their colleagues, as well as questions and comments by students, in nightspot to put the book together in its final form. It has seven chapters, a Glossary, a list of Further Reading, and an index. Each chapter discusses one aspect of global broadcasting. Chapter adept is titled "The World Telecommunications Revolution." The empowerment of consumers is changing the way global telecommunications works, even though this is not the aim of the media distributors. Many professionals in the field "believe that the early is a multimedia retrieval system for everyone" (p. 1). World communications systems can make it possibl e to get any almost television show in the world, from almost anywhere in the world. Different cultures might require different types of programming around the world. On the other hand, shows resembling CNN have made the formats of programs reproducible around the world. Will we have diversity, or uniformity, in the future? Chapter Two is titled "World Systems Overview." There are hundreds of millions of television sets and radios all over the world. Countries like the US, Canada, and England have sophisticated broadcast systems. Developing countries like those in Central and South America do not. Some countries have private broadcasters, and others have disposal broadcasters. Some countries have a mix of both private and giving medication ownership. Chapter Three is titled "Control and Regulation of World Systems." The variety of control, from complete establishment control of broadcasting systems to total privatization of ownership, depends on the form of gov ernment in each country. The US has private ownership, but the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulates broadcasting. Canada has government broadcasting by the Canadian Broadcasting Company (CBC), but they also have private ownership because they want diversity in programming. In Cuba the government has control over all stations. Chapter Four is titled "Financing Global Electronic Media." The source of funds for broadcasting could be government subsidy, private advertising, or donations by the viewing public. Most of the broadcasting in the US is supported by advertising. The Canadian government supports the CBC because they believe that it is important for the growth of national culture and education.

The Machine Gun Essay -- Weapon, Volley Guns, Gatlings Gun

No other weapon in my opinion has changed the face of the battlefield as has the machine gun. Its design and and association with mass devastation makes it a great and powerful weapon. deuce men, Hiram Maxim and Richard Gatling, made huge impacts in the development of the Machine Gun and bringing it to use in the military. These deuce brilliant men designed capable and reliable versions of Machine guns in a time when everyone was making unreliable models. However before we get into word of honor about the inventions of Hiram Maxim and Richard Gatling, its important to understand how machine guns were developed. Volley Guns (Chivers, 2010, p.26) or also known as Organ Guns (Ellis, 1975, p.10) were first attempts at increasing firepower by adding several barrels at the firing itself, rather than simply attempting to increase the rate of fire. Gunsmiths had long ago learned to place barrels side by side on frames to create firearms capable of discharging projectiles in rapid successio n. These unwieldy devices, or volley guns, were capable in theory of blasting a hole out in a line of advancing soldiers (Chivers, 2010, p.26). An example of such weapons can be seen on July 28, 1835 when Giuseppe Fieshi unleashed terror on King Louis-Phillipe in Paris, France. He discharged his 25 barrel volley gun, killing 18 of the kings entourage and grazing the Kings skull. The weapon was ineffective however. Four of the barrels failed and another four ruptured. Two other barrels had exploded inside, grievously wounding Giuseppe. (Chivers, 2010, p. 27)These kinds of weapons were impractical for military use, but attracted many people to the arms race for weapons that could sweep the battlefield. They had limitations in practice, among them windy re... ...rounds per minute, all with just the pull of the trigger. The recoil operation was a milestone in machine gun development. Warfare had truly changed. Point a machine, and killing men was like killing bugs (Chivers, 2010, p .85). It used new forms of cartridges which were placed on a belt that was automatically fed into the gun via the recoil operation.By humanity War I, most countries involved had used the Maxim Machine gun. Russia, Britain, Germany, Austria, Italy, and Switzerland bought Maxim machine guns. Russia and Germany each had about 16,000 Maxim guns. The United States however remained true to the Gatling (Chivers, 2010, p.90). They were both not yet interested in the Maxim or could not due to the fact it was still under orders to purchase American-made arms. Machine guns had made their mark, and their baneful force was becoming even more apparent.

Compilers :: essays research papers

Size of resulting program generated (involving pound up and ROM) and case studiesA factor by which compilers for programming languages can be compared is the sizing of the resulting program generated. Clearly, a smaller code size is desirable since it is more memory-efficient, uses fewer computer resources and allows the computer to support and run more programs at once. For instance, a program required a minimum of 49 bytes of random access memory(RAM) and 580 words of read-only memory(ROM) when compiled by the C compiler CSS-C V3.000, but required an average RAM of 65 bytes and ROM of 722 words when compiled by HI-TECH PICC V7.86, according to tests run by the CSS developers. Clearly, CSS-C V3.000 is a better compiler in this case Studies have similarly shown that the V.8.0c of the Microsoft compiler produces smaller and faster code than the CAD-UL Compiler and the V.5.0 of the Paradigm C/C++ Compiler . Of the three, the Microsoft compiler also has the best optimiser for 186, wh ich may be some other factor of comparison for compilers of programming languages.User friendliness of compiler and case studiesThe user-friendliness of a compiler is another factor by which compilers for programming languages may be compared. User-friendliness is important since compilers which are more user-friendly generally result in greater productivity as the programmer is likely to feel more comfortable, and therefrom be more efficient, using the compiler. For instance, the above HI-TECH C compiler stresses full ANSI compliance and forces the programmer to develop an intimate knowledge of the hardware. The CSS compiler, on the other hand, insulates the programmer from the hardware and has a generous library of useful routines. Clearly the latter is more user-friendly and thus desirable. Diversity of supported platforms and case studies some other factor of comparison would be the diversity of platforms supported by the compiler. Compilers which support a greater variety of platforms may be favoured because they are more versatile. For instance, IARs C compiler supports only Windows and DOS, but Imagecrafts C compiler supports Windows, DOS and Linux, giving the programmer more flexibility in compiling operations.

Henry VI of England :: essays research papers fc

Could you imagine yourself becoming the leader of a country at merely the age of nine months obsolescent? King enthalpy VI of England did it. Henry was the only son of King Henry V and Catherine of Valois (Wikipedia). By the time Henry V died, he had non only consolidated power as the King of England, but had also effectively accomplished what generations of his ancestors had failed to achieve through decades of war unification of the crowns of England and France (Wikipedia). For that one whiz victory by Henry V, he became very popular for that effort. By the sounds of it, Henry was an outseanding King and loved by the people. His son, Henry VI, seemingly had to follow in his fathers footsteps and perhaps do something even greater than his now deceased father. There was only one problem How can you run a country when you are only a child? England was okay after the death of Henry V because Henry VI had regents that ran the country for him. Under normal circumstances of this mag nitude, the married woman of a deceased King ran the country, but the English did not want Catherine of Valois to run the country for the simple fact that she was French so therefore they gave the power to this infant in hopes of greatness. Because young Henry was too young to run the country and had regents to run the country for him until he became of age, Catherine made sure that her son was well-educated. spot politics and foreign policies were being negotiated by Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, Bishop Henry Beaufort, and John, Duke of Bedford, young Henry VI was either learning or being told to go play (Crow). Henry was finally officially crowned King of England at Westminister Abbey on November 6, 1429 at the age of eight and King of France at Notre Dame in Paris on December 16, 1431. Henry did not assume the reins of government until he was declared of age in 1437 (Wikipedia). For the simple fact that when Henry VI was younger and not allowed to take an active role in leading England, he did not really care about running the country. Henry was such a spiritually deep man that he lacked the worldly wisdom necessary to allow him to rule effectively (Wikipedia). Henry was more of an indecisive pushover.

Comparing How Two Women Find Their Identity :: Compare Contrast Comparison

Comparing How Two Women Find Their Identity Two women born in the United States, and raised in a small town, both have become important role models of today. They each write wonderful and strong essays describing what they believe in and finding fall out who they really atomic number 18. Winona LaDuke and Pythia Peay both come from different backgrounds. LaDuke is a Native American Indian who wrote the essay on Reclaiming Culture and the Lands. Pythia Peay also wrote an essay on thought Searching. They both share their ideas and experience of how and where they grew up.LaDuke is a mother of two children and lives on the White Earth reservation in Minnesota. She is part Jewish and part Ojibwe. Her parents are two very important people in her life. She was one of the few who grew up around people fighting for what they believe in. In her essay she writes some her religion and culture while trying to make it in the real world. She writes about how her people are there for one anoth er and how they take attending of each others children. In her essay she states, We operate in extended families, and that is how we parent, (10).She is stating that this is not common among the White American Culture, notwithstanding among the Native Americans. She tries to teach them the value of life and keeping the tradition of their culture and how important it is to know where they come from. She talks about children learning from experience, having the need to be involved within their community, which will make them better understand their culture. In a way she is saying that seeing is believing She talks strongly about how Native Americans are deculturalizing (12). She is saying that her people are slowly being pulled away from their native culture and being pulled into the white mans culture. This is what makes her even more set(p) to keep her culture and religion alive.Peay writes her essay on Soul Searching. She writes about finding her soul after leaving her home town in Oak Grove, Missouri where she grew up. Stepping into the new world full of opportunities is what she has always dreamed of. She traveled from city to city, and within each city she began to discover who she really was. In her essay, she lists some opinions and explains what she thinks of them.

Comparing How Two Women Find Their Identity :: Compare Contrast Comparison

Comparing How Two Women Find Their Identity Two women born in the United States, and raised in a low-down town, both have become important role models of today. They each write wonderful and strong essays describing what they believe in and finding out who they really atomic number 18. Winona LaDuke and Pythia Peay both come from different backgrounds. LaDuke is a Native American Indian who wrote the essay on Reclaiming Culture and the Lands. Pythia Peay also wrote an essay on Soul Searching. They both partake in their ideas and experience of how and where they grew up.LaDuke is a m different of two children and lives on the White Earth reservation in Minnesota. She is part Jewish and part Ojibwe. Her parents are two very important people in her life. She was one of the few who grew up around people fighting for what they believe in. In her essay she writes about her religion and nuance while trying to make it in the real world. She writes about how her people are there for one another and how they take care of each others children. In her essay she states, We operate in extended families, and that is how we parent, (10).She is stating that this is not common among the White American Culture, but among the Native Americans. She tries to indoctrinate them the value of life and keeping the tradition of their coating and how important it is to know where they come from. She talks about children learning from experience, having the need to be involved inside their community, which will make them better understand their culture. In a way she is saying that seeing is believing She talks strongly about how Native Americans are deculturalizing (12). She is saying that her people are slowly being pulled away from their native culture and being pulled into the white mans culture. This is what makes her even more determined to keep her culture and religion alive.Peay writes her essay on Soul Searching. She writes about finding her soul after leaving her home town i n Oak Grove, molybdenum where she grew up. Stepping into the new world full of opportunities is what she has always dreamed of. She traveled from city to city, and within each city she began to discover who she really was. In her essay, she lists some opinions and explains what she thinks of them.

Comparison and Contrast of Two Poems Essay

William Blakes poems entitled The Tyger and The give birth argon depictions of human self. The narrators in these poems described their characterization through the illustration of the lamb and the tiger. There be similarities and differences between these two poems in terms of theme, tone, and literary images. By reading these poems, readers would recognize the braveness of the tiger and the calmness of the lamb. Through this, it can be said that these poems ar offices of emotions and intentions of the author and narrators in the poems. In the poem The Tyger, the narrator already established the intent fire of the tygers character in the first-class honours degree stanza. The first birth of the poem characterized the persona into a mortal hero because of the use of words and exclamation marks. In the second stanza, ironies of dissimilar literary images started to emerge. Fire and sky, wings and detention are some of the ironies that exist throughout the poem. It shows that f ire and sky are interrelated concepts with the use of hands and wings to reach its aspects and sense. In the 3rd stanza, humanistic point of view developed.From natural abstract of nature, animal body parts began to unravel as a way of showing the tygers being. The second and third stanzas are related to one another because these means that nature and animals are connected and cannot brave without each other. The fourth stanza discussed the different threats against the tiger. Chains and hammers are depict to be the armor against the illogical braveness of the tiger. Its terror characterization showed that humans are aloof with it.They could not able to live with the tiger that is why they were chained and hammered. The twenty percent stanza symbolizes the resurrection of the tiger. Once he died from the hands of chains and hammers, the sky will comfort him and give him a new life again. It was seen that once an animal died, it will equable conceive a new form of life as it em erge into the natures womb. At the end of the poem, the tyger will live through its burning fire. It will always live at the heart of the forest by way of perceiving the eye of symmetry. On the other hand, Blakes The Lamb is a representation of lambs beauty and keenness. She was depicted as a girl a little girl who seeks love and comfort from within. This little lamb has uncomplicated joys in her heart. He wanted to have something to eat to be able to survive. She just wanted to have comfortable shelter to nurture her self from her milieu and environment. She is happy and contented with what she has for she is young. The author used two stanzas to illustrate the persona of the poem. It means that simplicity of the character lies within her physical and emotional being. In the first stanza, the narrator discussed how the little lamb portrayed her self in beauty and comfort. The narrator also showed how people used the lambs fur for their periodical lives especially their clothing . This is how the lamb works for that is why she has simple happiness because she knows that she would become a big help to everyone. In the second stanza, showed how the persona of the poem love and admired the lamb.The narrator wanted to tell all the people to be mild and gentle towards the lamb because she is a fragile one. The persona relates herself like a lamb that is unique, keen, happy, and contented being despite of everything that she experienced in life. At the end of the poem, the persona said God Bless to the lamb. It means that she must evolve care of her self for everything she does throughout her lifetime and beyond. Aside from the lamb and the tygers being animals, the similarity with them is their attachment to nature. Nature always becomes their comfort place to live and ponder. Another similarity is the way humans thought towards and against them. People breast at them as an object of economic power and raw materials. They could not look at these animals as par t of the ecosystem that helps us to become what we are right now in terms of ecological perspectives. In terms of theme, these two poems are similar. They are both illustration of animal oppression and discrimination. These poems are created to express how animals think of their selves and their use in the society. On the other way around, the poem The Tyger is more than on loud images rather than the poem The Lamb. Even if they both express the essence and meaning of animal oppression, the poem The Tyger was illustrated in a direct and candid portrayal unlike the poem The Lamb. This poem showed indirect attack towards the issues that it wanted to discuss. The Tyger also used abundant literary images to show the roaring character of the tyger. In The Lamb, the author did not use many literary images because he illustrated the persona as a child who has limited knowledge and learning towards the real intelligence of the lamb. Based on the elaboration of the whole poems in this pap er, it was seen that The Tyger and The Lamb have differences and similarities based on the literal and logical perspective. It was also seen that the author made different kind of attack from one point to the other. The target audience for the poem The Tyger is mainly for those who have enough vocabularies to understand the meanings of the words while the poem The Lamb is for children who have simple words to acquire. However, they can be seen as children and adult poems if they are entitled to unleash the essence and persona of the animals in the poems.BibliographyBlake, W. (2005). The Lamb 22 March 2008. http//rpo.library.utoronto.ca/poem/181.htmlBlake, W. (1794).The Tyger 22 March 2008. http//www.eecs.harvard.edu/keith/poems/tyger.html

Compare and Contrast the Characteristics of a Leader and Jesus Essay

What makes a attr chipor? Power? Authority? Status? What characteristics make up a perfect loss leader? These are unrivaled of the hardest questions to have a clear answer as tout ensemble passel have different perspective and standard in the cipher of a leader. The best answer only comes from the Words of graven image which is the Bible. It is only Jesus lead which is true, honest and righteous. Jesus describes a leader like this You get it on that the rulers of the Gentiles lord it over them, and their high officials exercise authority over them. Not so with you.Instead, whoever wants to dumbfound great among you must be your servant, and whoever wants to be first must be your slave effective as the Son of Man did not come to be saved, but to serve, and to give his life as a pay off for many (Matthew 2025-28, NIV). Jesus life was pure, honest and humble. The reason He came down to earth giving up His throne was to save the people from their sins. He gave so many teachi ngs and showed miracles to many people so that they could believe Him and follow His name. He respected others as well as little children and armed serviceed people become saved.The relationship of Jesus ways and the ways of the skills of normal leader are somewhat similar and different. There are some leaders who are unprejudiced and faithful to his or her people but there are also leaders who are infamous and criticized because of poor leadership skills. The standard of having great leadership is different from Jesus and the world. First to explain the leadership skills of worldly leaders, there are some qualities of being a good leader. They are empathy, consistency, honesty, communication, flexibility, ability to delegate, confidence, commitment, irrefutable attitude and lastly creativity.With these leadership skills, there would be no problem in running a company or leading a union, fashioning lot of followers as well. The skills above show the best way to get along well wi th the followers. However, the most of the leaders find difficult having all these leadership skills as human by nature become Jesus, as a leader of the 12 disciples and thousands of people who followed him to hear his Words, he showed great skills of leadership and this is shown in the Bible, precisely in the Books of Matthew, Mark, Luke and John.Some of his distinct actions that showed his teaching were the washing of the disciples feet. It is shown in John chapter 13 verses 1 to 20. Although he was in a strength of a leader, he humbled himself and showed first to the disciples of how to serve. There are some leaders in the world who followed Gods way to be a leader. One example is Apostle Paul I would say was a man in history who was very similar to Jesus leadership skills. He is one of the important characters who met Jesus personally and completely changed his life according to Jesus ways.Apostle Paul was a leader of many churches. He led his people quite differently from the leaders of the normal world today. Apostle Paul, not only served the members of the church by writing letters and spreading the gospel but also he put his leadership into action. He was suffered and persecuted by many gentiles and he tried to tell the truth just as he taught his people to always be faithful in God. Also his important aspect of being a leader like Jesus was praying for his people.Jesus prayed for his disciples and even in his crucifixion, He prayed to God to forgive all the people in the world (Luke 2334, NIV). In the books of the Bible which Apostle Paul wrote, he greets in the letter by saying that he is praying for all the members of the church (Philippians 135, NIV). Another leader in the aside whom many people admired and respected was Abraham Lincoln who was the chair of America. He was a Christian who prayed for his people. He was not self centered but listened to others thoughts and opinions.He saw his country in many viewpoints so understood the people in different classes. He was always aware of his weaknesses and asked God to help and guide in whatever problems or situations he was in. He did not impede to share the happiness and grievances of any events that occurred in America. This showed that he was not just acting as a leader but involving all his citizens and letting them figure in his concerns. These are the examples of deal leaders who followed Jesus way.Although there were amazing leaders in the past that everyone admired, there were also leaders in the past who were infamous and blamed. Their leadership skills brought pain and suffering to many people. Kim Jung Il, mating Koreas president is one example that shows how he misused the leadership skills and made the compass north Koreans suffer with poverty. His strap leadership skill is having absolute authority. This totally goes against the characteristics of Jesus leadership.Jesus taught in his life to serve others first as a leader and be humble. This can also be seen in the Bible, it says Humble yourselves before the Lord, and he will lift you up (Jacob 410, NIV) And the most proud shall bollocks and fall, and none shall raise him up and I will kindle a fire in his cities, and it shall devour all round about him (Jeremiah 5032, NIV). President Kims haughtiness of having all the authority eventually led the North Koreans suffer and die and also made the country be one of the worst countries in the world.He ruled the country all in his way and order he received all the goods coming from the foreign countries which tried to help the poor North Koreans he had serious nuclear obsession and used all the money in inventing new war weapons. He commanded all the North Koreans to worship and bow down before him only and no one else. Kim Jung Il had no leadership skills of serving others, having good communication, and he tried to overlook the conditions of his people. In conclusion, although leading like Jesus can seem the hardest way, it is the re al true way to be a leader.There are many aspects in worldly leadership skills which are important and helpful, however I believe that is not the ultimate skill to be a good leader. Just as Jesus showed us through His life of how to live like Gods children as a role of leader, we have to try hard to act in that way so that we could be a true leader who helps the follower go in a correct direction. Jesus main focus was being a humble leader, serving others first before being served. I believe this is correct that leaders should be examples first before just demanding the followers to do it.

Is It Possible to Prove the Existance of God Essay

Is it possible to bring up the existence of paragon? Throughout time many philosophers withdraw been inquisitory for an answer to creation and whether it is actu solelyy possible to prove (or not prove) if theology exists. Some of the philosophers include Thomas doubting Thomas, William Paley and Blaise Pascal they came up with various different theories and arguments to prove the existence of god and why they gestated he did exist. Another philosopher Karl Marx thought that his possibility could convince people not to guess in God.One philosopher, Thomas Aquinas believed that God did exist and that he could prove this simply by arguing that the Universe could not have been made by nothing at all, reflexion that it was impossible for something to come from nothing. He believed that the universe was ca gived to exist by something which itself is unca utilise, or else on that point would be an infinite regress. He thought that the only way to develop the start of the univers e in a rational way was to say that it was created by God.I think that Aquinas may be right, further I doubt that he is right as he is saying that God was created by nothing but I feel that something must have created God and therefore there must have been an infinite regress. There is also no solid evidence or proof that God does exist and since there isnt I think that not even Aquinas is 100% sure that God exists. Also, Aquinas theory seems rather contradictory as he says that the Universe must be caused by something and sack upnot further simply be made by nothing but that God is an uncaused causer.Another Philosopher, William Paley, equivalent Aquinas was convinced that God does exist and that he could prove it. Paley invented the thought experiment to encourage people to agree with him that God exists. He called his argument that teleological argument (coming from the Greek word telas meaning purpose). Story Imagine you are walking crosswise open countryside with some frien ds. Then you suddenly come across something lying on the grass. You are so impressed with the workmanship that you are your friend. Who do you think made this delay? The friend saysNobody made this shape it was al slipway there Paley said that the universe, same a watch is in like manner complicated and intelligently designed to have no cause. Paley used the Analogy of the watch to argue the existence of God. Paley argues that if a simple watch has a creator then the universe, which is so much much complicated and in some ways more beautiful than a watch must have a creator and that creator must be God.I think that Paleys theory does seem reasonable but I do not fully agree with it completely. I think that the world must have a creator but not necessarily God anything could have been the creator and that the creator might not be Omnipotent, Omnibonevelant and all-knowing the creator could have simply that created the universe and then just left it or done nothing else to it . Another philosopher who also likes Aquinas and Paley believed in God and thought that he could use his theory to encourage others to do so was Blaise Pascal.However, Pascals theory was very different to Aquinas and Paleys. Pascal believed that Gods existence can neither be approved nor disapproved and whatever you decide about this problem will be uncertain and that your answer can be nothing more than a gamble. Pascal said that you cannot avoid making a gamble on Gods existence and you have to place your bet whether you like it or not. Pascal soon came to the conclusion that it would be better to believe that God existed than not to as you will not lose anything by doing so.He thought that if you believed that God existed and then after your death he very did you would have a with child(p) gain by going to heaven. If, however God didnt exist and you believed that you did you would not lose anything apart from some of your time praying and going to religious places etc. Pascal also thought that if you did not believe in God and came to know after your death that he did you would be more or less likely to go to hell therefore have a big loss. He called his theory Pascals wager.I strongly disagree with Pascals theory mainly because he only believed in God for selfish reasons and wanted people to believe in God only because of the happiness they would get in heaven which is not the actual idea. Also I think that God does not decide to put people in heaven and hell based on whether they believe or not but by the good deeds they have done in their life, so people who believe in God just for reasons like Pascals probably would not go to heaven anyway. I think that Pascal seems rather greedy to believe in God just to go to heaven after his death.The last philosopher Im going to talk about is Karl Marx. Marx thought that that Religion is a tool of oppression meaning that Religion is something that you do not actually need but use to distract yourself from other things and something that someone just gets pleasure and happiness from. So he thought that everyone should just reject religion and this would make people aware of their own true situation and this may give them a chance to improve the conditions in which they live.Marx used excerpts from the bible to back up quotes from the bible to back up his theory. Blessed are the poor in spirit inherit the earth Marx would argue that this quote is trying to say that it is not the rich and powerful who are most fortunate but actually the poor, as they will go to heaven because of all the suffering they have endured. He would say that the poor are often given quotes like this to make them content with their own miserable lives and that religion makes a virtue of poverty and meekness and unacceptable lives have been glamorised.Therefore I do not agree with Marx argument mainly because his theory may have been applicable at that time but it is not now, as people do not use religion just to have a embarrassment or something to comfort them when everything else is a mess. To conclude I think that although there are many different theories for whether God exists or not it is not actually possible to prove that God exists and that if you believe in God you should not just believe that he exists because of some theory but because you actually believe he exists and want to believe in him.Although it is probably not possible to prove whether God exists or not (unless he came down to earth and told everyone) the most convincing way would be to experience a miracle. Miracles can prove that God exists to a certain amount because most miracles would be far too big to be just a coincidence. Even though there are many stories about miracles in the news and in religious books much(prenominal) as the bible you cannot actually be sure until you experience one yourself. Miracles may not prove that God as people know him exists (Omnipotent, Omnibonevelant and Omniscient etc) but they do p rove that there is an all powering/ supernatural being.

History of Graphics

As a doctor in Montreal, Bethink frequently sought out the poor and gave them free checkup care. As a thoracic surgeon, he traveled to Spain (1936? 1 937) and to China (1938-1939) to perform battlefield surgical operations on war casualties. Created by gold coast Sin Guy. Huber Peoples Publishing Ho affair. 107 Culture and politicsedit This magazine cover reproduced from an Orlando neb by Gusty Novel, depicts four famous Iranian writers of the twentieth ampere-second (Gala Assam Bearing, All- Kafka Deckhand, and Sadie Headway). In assemble to create this color scheme the artist uses only two colors (orange and green) over a yellow background.By using a circular arrangement of faces she tries to arrive at a balanced (1971). Richard Evaded was an Ameri stack photographer. Evaded capitalized on his early success in fashion photography and expanded into the realm of fine art. This is a salaried broadside portraits of the Battles, originally produced for 9 January 1967 edition of th e American magazine Look. The Barack Obama hope poster is an Iconic Image of Barack Obama designed by artist Sheppard Faller. The Image became one of the almost widely recognized symbols of Beams campaign message, spawning many variations and imitations, including some commissioned by the Obama campaign.In January 2009, after Obama had won the election, Fairys mixed-media stencil portrait version of the Image was acquired by the Smithsonian validation for Its National Portrait Gallery. This political poster by Sociopath ?r L about Ulster. Andrew Pavlovs poster of Poet IMMUNOASSAY (2003). This poster is a graphic 1 OFF (Constructivism) was almost always in demand in Russia and it can become one of principal trends now. Some of the contemporary Russian artists and art historians fuddle already suggested the new term Additive Constructivism.It emphasizes the return to modernism, which starts to significantly push out the postmodern art practices. Its not a postmodern performance. T he Constructivist color outcome proves that so it is. Do Computer aided graphic design in postersedit With the arrival of computer aided graphic design an assortment of novel effects, digital techniques, and innovative styles spend a penny been emerged in poster designs. With software such as Adobe Photos, Corer and Windows Paint program, image editing as become very cheap, and artists can experiment easily with a variety of color schemes, filters and special effects.For instance, utilizing various filters of Photos, many artists have created vectored designs in posters where a photographic image is socialized, sharpened, rendered into watercolors or dye glass effects or converted into bare lines with block colors. Other designs created soft or blurry styles, ripple or cascade effects and some other special filters. Advertisingedit Graphic design is used in advertising to announce a persuasive message by an identified sponsor or a promotion by a firm of its products to its exist ing and potential customers.Egyptians used papyrus to make sales messages and wall posters. Commercial messages and political campaign displays have been found in the ruins of Pompeii and ancient Arabia. Lost and found advertising on papyrus was common in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. Wall or inclination painting for commercial advertising is another manifestation of an ancient advertising form, which is present to this day in many parts of Asia, Africa, and South America. 110 Advertising in the 19th centuryedit This advertising flier from 1806 is for a traditional medicine called Keynesian.Display in the Eddo Tokyo Museum. This is a 19th-century advertising poster for the hydrotherapy baths of Bagels De Loren (France). This is a playbill for maybe Opera Vocalists, 1856. This poster from the second half of the asses advertises for Buffalo Bills Wild West show, advertising Miss Annie Oakley, the peerless lady wing-shot. Advertising in the early 20th centuryedit This is a French poster for Deadbeat et Alleviate. The Deadbeat & Alleviate was a French automobile, manufactured in Lyon from 1894 to 1901.This is a German poster by pinch Ream for Leafier Cigarettes (published 1896-1900) Hanson Troupe in the most astonishing mid-air achievements ever accomplished. Drink Coca-Cola SC, an asses advertising poster showing a woman in fancy frock (partially vaguely influenced by 16th- and 17th-century styles) drinking Coke. German Plastic, Poster styleedit In the early 20th century, Germany became the cradle of many of the avian-garden art movements particularly for posters. This created the Plastic or Poster style movement. This movement became very influential and had a considerable impact n the graphic design for posters.Posters in this style would feature fewer but strong colors, a sharp, non-cluttered, minimal composition and bold, clear types. 111 Ludwig Howlingedit Howling Karate Corps Germanic Munched 1913. JPG Ludwig Howling was born in Germany in 1874. He was apt and practiced as an architect until 1906 when he switched to poster design. Hellions adaptations of photographic images was based on a deep and intuitive understanding of graphical principles. His creative use of color and architectural compositions dispels any suggestion that he uses photos as a substitute for creative design. Or Requite Praline Tea c. 920-1926. Howling was born in the Rhine-Main region of Germany, though he and his work are associated with Munich and Bavaria in southern Germany. There were two schools of Cheeseburgers in Germany at the time, North and South. Hellions high tonal contrasts and a network of interlocking shapes made his work instantly recognizable. Poster historian Lain Well comments that Howling was the most prolific and brilliant German posterior of the 20th century Beginning with his first efforts, Howling found his style with disconcerting facility. It would vary little for the next forty years.The drawing was perfect from the start, not hing seemed alien to him, and in any case, nothing posed a problem for him. His figures are full of touches of color and a play of light and shade that brings them out of their background and gives them tenderness112 Lucian Bernhardedit With nothing to lose, Lucian Bernhard entered a poster contest for the Priest Match Company. The Judges, found this poster bizarre, and ignored it. However Ernst Growled, sales manager for Berlins leading proto-advertising agency and poster renter, saw the discarded poster and exclaimed This is my first prize.

Renaissance Humanism Essay

Renaissance means to be born again. The Renaissance was a period of cultural and intellectual rebirth for atomic number 63 it started in Italy in the 14th century and lasted until the 17th century. Humanism was a very important piece of the Renaissance. This period happened just after the Middle ages which is go out from 400 to 1300. It was a method of assumeing based of reasoning and evidence. Studia humanitatis means humanistic studies, which were grammar, rhetoric, poetry, history, and moral philosophy.Francesco Petrarca, known as Petrarch, is considered to be the founder of Renaissance Humanism. He was one of the most important Renaissance poets who applied the values of ancient Greece and Rome to questions about religious Christian doctrines. He believed in the value of the get word of philosophy and literature of the past he encouraged this. Petrarch was one of the first people to crack the word of humanism. Once he did it spread fast and well-nigh everyone had heard his id eas on philosophy. With his ideas the world was given a new perspective on life ,which is what the Renaissance was all(a) about.There were many figures just akin Petrarch, and a lot of them were political figures who spread humanist ideas with their positions. Coluccio Salutati and Leonardo Bruni became chancellors of Florence. They reached their authorities because of prowess in Latin in their speeches. They developed new ways of persuasion about Florences government traditions of the republic based off the old books of antiquity.Humanism increased the influence on education. People needed to learn Greek and Latin to understand the manuscripts. This was a challenge for the poor. This led to further education in the arts and philosophies which went along with those manuscripts. Consequently, there was a blast of scientific and technological development during the Renaissance unlike any that had happened in Europe for centuries.Renaissance Humanisms most important characteristics l ies in its spirits. Humanism was regarded as a free and open breath of fresh air. It was a way of thinking for yourself, and it was critical about the Church. It argued that people needed more intellectual exemption so they could build their own wisdom. The Humanists, rather than focusing on what they considered questions of logic, focused on the relation of the human to the divine. Humans were the high point and purpose of immortals creation for them. They tried to define the human place in Gods plan and the relation of the human to the divine therefore, they centered all their thought on the human relation to god, and therefore they called themselves humanists. Humanists never ignored their religion humanism is altogether a religious and educational movement, it is not a secular idea. Most religions were considered humanist by nature.Humanists probably received a reputation for not believing in god because it was focused on the writings of men who did not. Though, many well know n humanists were active in church. Papal secretaries, bishops, cardinals, and even a few popes (Nicholas V, Pius II) were humanists in the Renaissance. These leaders were defined as secular. They were more interested in art and literature than sacraments and theology. Renaissance Humanism left a mark in society and changed all. It was one of the most important philosophical movements in history. Thinking, studying, writing, and questioning are the best ways to learn. These were all what the Renaissance Humanism mainly focused on. While it was started in Italy by one man, it blossomed and spread throughout the entirety of Europe. Even now we study Renaissance Humanism because of the everlasting impact it had on society.

Minds Are Opened Only When Hearts Are Opened Essay

Minds are like parachutes. They only function when they are turn out. crowd together Dewar To create the life that you want, growing as a human being and regularly experiencing a prosperous lifestyle, you will need a headspring hand to other peck, possibilities, ideas and opinions round you. When you return an propagate idea you throw overboard yourself to attract and follow up on opportunities. When you work with the cater of the conscious and subconscious mind you will attract opportunities that will bring you what you need for what you radiate you will constantly attract. When you are prepared to incur creative you will create a vibrant life, while eliminating negative and unwanted situations. Most people think they already listen to others with an open mind, merely by paying close prudence to what is being said. In fact, advanceing an open mind is non easy to do if you are happy with the way you are doing things and do not decide the point of changing.We in all fetch moments, however, when we do listen with an open heart and mind, for example, we are more open to listening to someone we trust. An open mind is an apprehension mind which will suffer a genuine appreciation for people. When you take the trouble to think of other peoples feelings, their viewpoints and their desires you are saying people are important. An open mind will accept other people unconditionally. It requires the letting go of likes and dislikes and other similar emotions. When you do this you discipline your emotions and you allow people to be who they are with all their idiosyncrasies, differences and irritations. When you are communicating with others there can often be misunderstandings and these can lead to failure in your traffic with others.We expect others to react and respond and come to the same conclusions we do over a given set of facts. Unfortunately, no one reacts to things as they are just to their own mental images they are responding appropriately t o what they see as the truth nigh the situation. An open-minded someone will ask themselves How does this appear to that person? or, How does that person interpret the situation? and they will try to understand why someone might act differently to the way they expected.Many small business owners have faced extinction because they thought they k clean it all and were not prepared to have an open mind and listen to others who had been down that path in the first place them. When you are open minded you are always prepared to be teachable, to learn something new and take advantage of opportunities that present themselves. An open mind is the doorway to expansion of ideas. When you open your mind you are not compromising your ethics and values. It just means that you begin to practice a greater sense of awareness and in doing so you areprepared to look at your world a little differently. Test opportunities that are presented to you and examine where the message is coming from. It may be from a friend, a neutral party or from a source about which you are sceptical. If you are not sure, instruct your subconscious mind to guide you by simply saying, I am making the right decision. Focus on what you want, not on what you dont want. A Closed Mind A closed mind is like a closed book just a block of wood. Chinese Proverb. We have all been given the power to develop ideas and exercise free will. Unfortunately too often those ideas die as a seed and people use their free will to close their mind to the tremendous opportunities surrounding them. This stubbornness prevents them from achieving the goals that they want for themselves and so the opportunity for success is greatly decreased.In our formative years we grow and develop egos that maintain genuinely particular ideas about ourselves in relation to the world around us. Your ego is your conscious mind, that which visualizes your behaviour and tries to give meaning to your external, material reality. It is powerful and can control your life if you allow it. Your external reality is a direct result of your mental and spiritual self so if the latter dickens are not where you want them to be your external and material self will suffer. The ego cannot improve the quality of your mental and spiritual life. When you close your mind you essentially become stubborn and become a victim of the ego mind which says, My attitude is right despite what anyone else has to say. The ego mind, although it thinks it be intimates better than anyone else, is never prepared to croak its comfort zone and so is not open to new ideas nor will it welcome others into its world.This kind of attitude shuts you off from the process of life and nature which is about growing and experiencing new possibilities. Think about how many times you were resistant to trying something new only to eventually give in and discover that you unfeignedly enjoyed the process. Limitations are the jail of the mind so if you can throw off t he shackles and open your mind to new and exciting ideas, your possibilities become limitless. When the mind is shackled and hold it affects e very part of your life, for example, work presentations can lack innovation and impact and even every-day conversations are less productive and rewarding.Conversations often become defensive as the mind closes off to what is being said by others. Society today gives out a negative message that everyone is out to take you down and that if it looks to right to be true, it probably is. This causes many to close their minds to everything beyond their current knowledge. An open mind is a mind that is aware that the current knowledge is not all there is to know and will eagerly investigate possibilities. When you have a closed mind to new and exciting possibilities you essentially tell yourself that you are not willing to go the extra mile that you are not willing to growand experience new things. You have now switched off the power at heart yo u and there can be no change and no progress in life and things will never improve. Such people become very introspective and weak. The old recordings of the past can, however, be changed. If you choose, you can wipe the old record clean, put on a new record and make a decision to activate the positive thoughts which lead to a relaxed and open view of the world. Remember, the past explains how you got to the present but where you go from here is your responsibility. In his book A Vision of Power & Glory, John Kehoe gives a Zen parable about two monks who are on a journey together when they come to a river. By the river there is a beautiful woman. The woman asks them, Please will one of you monks carry me across the river? The river is too wide and the current too swift. The two monks look at one another, because they have taken a sacred vow to not so much as even touch a woman.Then, abruptly, the older monk picks up the woman, carries her across the river and puts her down on the ot her side. They continue on their journey. The younger monk is flabbergasted. He cant retrieve it. An hour goes by and not a word is spoken between them. Two hours. Three hours. And finally, after four hours, he turns to the older monk and blurts out, How could you have done that? How could you have carried that woman? Oh? responds his companion, Are you still carrying her? I put her down four hours ago. John Kehoe goes on to say, How much are we still carrying around interior us that should have been put down a long time ago?Disappointments regrets failures grudges. How much junk are we carrying around inside us and how long are we going to carry it? All our life? If you want to change and improve your attitude to life then it is imperative that you keep an open mind. That is not to say you will be taken in by every fly-by-night scheme that may be put before you. An open mind is curious and investigative and examines new things. Your creative power system uses your conscious and s ubconscious mind to attract, explore and check out new opportunities so that you can begin achieving your goals and creating the life you want.Dont limit yourself learn how to attract new possibilities and make the right decisions by developing the power of your mind and heart. If you move in your community with an open mind and an open heart you can learn to accept others. You dont have to twin with them, but accept who they are and feel free to express yourself. I remember a friend of ours who has passed on now, who was well-known and well-liked in community affairs. He met many people as he moved around and sometimes in a gathering he would be heard to say, Theres a fellow over there I met recently and I didnt like him I must go over and get to know him better. He would always come away with a new-found friend now thats an open mind and open heart.

Computer network Essay

The Internet is network of networks, linking computers to computers sharing the TCP/IP protocols. Each runs software to provide or serve information and access and view information. The internet is the transport vehicle for the information stored in files or documents on other computers. It is sometimes compared to a goliath international plumbing system. The internet itself does not contain information. What it was found in is genius of the computers linked to the internet.The Internet, A global computer network providing a mixing of information and communication facilities, consisting of interconnected networks using standardized communication protocols. It is a network of networks that consists of millions of academic, government, private, business, public networks and, of local to global scope, that are linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless and optical networking technologies.The internet can have many serve, like Electronic mail(e-mail) that permits you to send an d receive mail, Telnet(remote login) that permits your computer to onto another computer and use it as if you were there, FTP(File Transfer Protocol) allows your computer to rapidly retrieve complex files intact from a remote computer and view or save them on your computer, etc. To access the internet by computer, you need a computer, a modem or other telecommunications link, and software to connect to an Internet Service Provider. The internet is thusly a wonderful, amazing and brilliant gift that has been given by science to humans.Presently in this modern era, the Internet plays a significant role in our daily human life. Whereas, we are seriously addicted to using the Internet in this century. Moreover, people like to spend plenty of our human lives. Ten geezerhood ago, the Internet was practically unheard of by most people. Today, the Internet is one of the most powerful tools throughout the world. The Internet is a collection of various services and resources. According to R uss Brock, a director and consultant at the Center for Innovation and Inquiry, the Internet is main components are E-mail and the World Wide Web.Theres a lot more to the Internet than E-mail, search engines, celerity web sites, up-to-the-second sports scores, and chat rooms full of risk discussions. The Net also ranks as one of todays best business tools if its used adroitly. Almost all households contain the Internet however, before people connect to the Internet, they need to be conscious(predicate) of its disadvantages and advantages. Many fear the Internet because of its disadvantages. They claim to not use the Internet because they are afraid of the possible consequences or are simply not interested.People who have yet connected to the Internet claim they are not missing anything. Today s technological society must realize, it is up to them to protect themselves on the Internet. Half of U. S. adults, or 94 million Americans, arent online. Children using the Internet have beco me a big concern. Most parents do not realize the dangers involved when their children log onto the Internet (Children and the Internet). When children are online, they can easily be lured into something dangerous. When children talk to others online, they do not realize they could actually be talking to a harmful person.As a result, there have been many cases where children have been convinced to meet people they have talked with online. In fact, stories see to come out every week a child or teenager lured into something foolish, dangerous, or even deadly on line. Cathy Cleaver of the Family Research Council claims that it is against the right for a molester to even attempt to find children online In addition, children may also receive pornography online by mistake therefore, causing concern among parents everywhere. Whether surfing the Web, learning newsgroups, or using email, children can be exposed to extremely inappropriate material.Pornographic sites tend to make sure they are the first sites to be listed in any search area thus, children come across such sites easily. A man from Pearl, Mississippi was arrested in 1996 for downloading pornographic images of children from the Internet. He was charged with 290 counts of child pornography). roughly critics say that parents are responsible for their own children on the Internet because there are available services to protect children. To keep children safe, parents and teachers must be aware of the dangers.

Breakeven Analysis

BREAK EVEN abridgment Break-even is the caput at which a product or service stops terminationsing m atomic number 53y to score and sell, and starts generating a profit for your business. This means sales have pass alonged sufficient volume to sink in the protean and decided personifys of producing and distributing your product. Type the document subtitle KOMAL BHILARE ROLL NO 85 2013 DEFINITION Break Even is the sales point at which the Company incompletemakes profit nor suffers loss, or sales level where fixed cost argon fully absorbed by or the level where contribution margin equals the fixed cost.Breakeven abstract provides selective information for profit planning policy formulating and decision making Break-even analysis may be based on historical data, past ope proportionalityns, or future sales and be, Depending on managements need and desire. The get by even analyses technique is used in variousbusiness decision making atomic number 18as, as this assist in kn owing the minimum desired level to be achieved to avoid loss situation. The Breakeven analysis is largely used at the time ofinvesting in new project and introducing new products. The organizer of this shop must have seen Breakeven for this workshop. USE OF BREAK EVENANALYSES ?Hospital or Hotel management would deal to know salespoint in terms of military issue of beds/ rooms, to recover fixed cost to reach at a breakeven point. ?The school owner would be concerned in knowing minimum number of students to be admitted to reach atbreakeven ?New branch of bank would need to know minimum deposits from node ?On introduction of new products certain huge salespromotional expenses are planned in order to achieveplanned sales. The management while deciding about approving expenditures would be interested to see cost / benefit analyses or minimum expected sales (break even) to be achieved to recover these expenses (disregarding the very(prenominal) ambitious sales budgets submitted by th e sales and marketing team) FORMULA A) Breakeven point of output = (fixed cost) / (contribution per unit) Where, voice= change cost variable cost Fixed cost= Contribution -profit B) Breakeven point of gross revenue = 1. Fixed bell x SP per unit Contribution per unit 2.Fixed Cost x Total Sales Total Contribution BREAK EVEN GRAPH Uses of Breakeven Chart A breakeven chart wad be used to image the effect of changes in any of the following profit factors Volume of sales Variable expenses Fixed expenses change price PROFIT VOLUME RATIO (P/V RATIO) The proportion of contribution to sales is P/V ratio or C/S ratio. It is the contribution per rupee of sales and since the fixed cost stay constant in short term period, P/V ratio will also bank bill the rate of change of profit due to change in volume of sales.The P/V ratio may be expressed as follows P/V ratio = Sales Marginal cost of sales = Contribution Sales Sales = Changes in contribution = Change in profit Changes in sales C hange in sales A fundamental property of marginal costing strategy is that P/V ratio remains constant at different levels of activity. A change in fixed cost does not affect P/V ratio. The concept of P/V ratio helps in determining the following Breakeven point Profit at any volume of sales Sales volume required to earn a desired quantum of profit Profitability of products Processes or departments the contribution can be increased by increasing the sales price or by reduction of variable costs. MARGINAL COST A marginal cost is another term for a variable cost. The term marginal cost is usually applied to the variable cost of a unit of product or service, whereas the term variable cost is more commonly applied to resource costs, such as the cost of materials and labour hours.Marginal costing is a form of management accounting based on the distinction amongst a. the marginal costs of making selling goods or services, and b. fixed costs, which should be the same for a assumption period of time, regardless of the level of activity in the period. Suppose that a unbendable makes and sells a iodine product that has a marginal cost of ? 5 per unit and that sells for ? 9 per unit. For every additional unit of the product that is made and sold, the firm will incur an extra cost of ? 5 and receive income of ? 9. The illuminate gain will be ? 4 peradditional unit.This net gain per unit, the difference between the sales price per unit and the marginal cost per unit, is called contribution. Contribution is a term meaning making a contribution towards covering fixed costs and making a profit. Before a firm can make a profit in any period, it must first of all cover its fixed costs. Breakeven is where total sales revenue for a period just covers fixed costs, leaving neither profit nor loss. For every unit sold in excess of the breakeven point, profit will increase by the amount of the contribution per unit LIMITATIONS OF BREAK EVEN ANALYSIS It is best suited to the a nalysis of one product at a time. * It may be difficult to classify a cost as all variable or all fixed and there may be a mark to continue to use a break even analysis after the cost and income functions have changed. * Break-even analysis is only a supply side (i. e. costs only) analysis, as it tells you nothing about what sales are actually likely to be for the product at these various prices. * It assumes that fixed costs (FC) are constant. Although this is professedly in the short run, an increase in the scale of production is likely to cause fixed costs to rise.

Gideon’s Trumpet Strong point of the book Essay

Gideons Trumpet is the story of an epic court-ordered battle. I give full marks to this story. It depicts the will power, grit and determination of a open prison inmate to take on the effectual formation of USA. He achieved his objective with a pencil and newspaper publisher and his simple drafting skill. He proved that his knowledge about the law is much more than hundreds of sound luminaries of America put together. He was fighting the mighty force of the carry, and it was no ordinary opposition. If a troops suffers, he must have the support of a juristic provision to redress his grievance.Otherwise the legal dust is at fault, not the individual. This is the simple truth as seen by a common man, in the present case relating to Clarence Earl Gideon. I like this book for its important contribution to secure individual self-direction and how one man successfully ch all in allenged the legal system. The story is the triumph of human spirit versus flaws in the system created and nurtured by human beings. It is the victory of the chair less power (common man) in the fight against powerful chairs (legal and semipolitical power).When the going gets tough, the tough gets going. Anthony Lewis is well aware of this principle. His book proves the point. I need to heap additional encomium on the contents of this book. His book proves the great and important point. The improbable battle of Gideon leads the flirt to give the eventual(prenominal) decision in his favor. Lewis comes out of the Court Scene to project the human face of the story. Those who think that the legal system is the service tool for the rich and the politically well-connected need to take the appropriate lesson from Gideon. He set such a legal process in motion that would affect the entire legal system of USA.The effect of the case was precedent-shattering. Mr. Gideon is twice-blessed. He has provided a highly motivating case from legal as well as sociological aspects. Another strong poin t of the book is that it is free from political overtones. The informant has confined himself to the legal aspect of the case only. But he has pointed out the limitations and demandingies of the supreme Court functioning. of import lessons can be learnt from his observations. This case gave scope to several reference homecomings that set the American legal system to change for the better.It examined the question about safeguarding accused from escaping the judicial system due to arbitrary court violations. The wink issue decided was, majority of the states supported the issue of providing proper defense. such a course of swear out would be cheaper to the exchequer in the long run instead court cases dismissed on describe of legal inaccuracies.This position arose because many litigants in court could claim wrong trial due to wrongful representation. The third most important issue in the cited case, Adamson vs. California, in which the 14th Amendment was challenged, relates to the Bill of Rights application. Supreme Court ruled it as the violation of all Fundamental Rights within as a violation towards the litigant. Thus, this is a good book for the students of law, especially for those who intend to specialize in Constitutional Rights.Weak points of the caseIt is tight to find weak points in he book from the legal aspect. For, Gideons case changed the concept of last justice in USA. The common man got confidence that he too is listened to, and respected. But from the sociological angle, at that place is a weak point. In the present case, we feel that it is the intelligence of the lawyer that secured a clean pardon for Gideon, not his innocence. The outcome of the case may encourage the criminals. They will think to commit crime and so it is easy to get away by hiring a good counsel if you have no message of hiring, the government will do it for you.Once his request to provide a lawyer was agreed by the Court, Gideon became very arrogant. His lawy er Fred Turner had to strictly tell him, Ill only represent you if you will get around trying to be the lawyer and let me handle the case. Gideon agreed. Gideon was a stubborn prisoner. In spite of his crankiness, and eccentricities, the State spent a huge amount in engaging counsel for him and the precious time of the Supreme Court was used. The successful termination of the case sends a wrong signal to the society. The criminal gets the protection, and the safety of the lawful citizen is in trouble.I liked the book.Mr. Gideon has made the remarkable judicial contribution by the simple handwritten application that he sent to Supreme Court. He had a new trial and in the end, he was acquitted. The legal defense, and the question of due process were entirely re-examined and good conclusions resulted. Any conflicting issue is an interesting topic for discussion. Gideons case leaves hardly anything for the opposition counsel to argue, unless it is opposition for the sake of opposition . This is a good book it has the timeless appeal, for the students of sociology. All laws, just because they are the laws of the land, are not faultless.A difficult law implemented in a worst manner is the ultimate calamity for the common prisoner. Such a law, if not amended or withdrawn quickly, can ruin the delicate social social organisation based on human relationships. It concerns fundamental rights and liberty of the individual. Embroiled in unfriendly system of jurisprudence, the scant(p) class prisoners get physically, emotionally and economically crushed.One finds it extremely difficult to sustain ones normal balance .In such circumstances one remains desperately in need of some consolation and permanent solution. That was the reason why Gideon sought the solution through his pencil-written application to the Supreme Court. expansive situations need desperate remedies, and Gideon used one such remedy It is a brilliant book for students of all streams, especially law stu dents. Fundamental rights offer the guarantee of legal protection to all the citizens, for which Gideon fought and won. Reference Cited accommodate Review Gideons TrumpetLewis, Anthony (Author) Book Gideons Trumpet (Paperback)Publisher Vintage Books USA reprinting edition (Feb 1989)Language EnglishISBN-10 0679723129ISBN-13 978-0679723127

Economics Internal Assessment Essay

The article discusses the effects of a severe flood in the areas of Thailand to the sieve growthion. The strain production falls to 22 from 23 million metric tons. Supply is touchstone of goods and services that manufacturers are willing and able to produce at a given determine and epoch period. The decrease in supply of rice in Thailand is shown by the following graph The graph in a higher place shows that the effect of flood in Thailand decreased the rice crops supply. The supply disregard shifted to the leave from S1 to S2, moving the equilibrium point from point E1 to point E2.The equilibrium legal injury then rises from P1 to P2 and the equilibirum criterion moves to the odd by 1 million metric ton. The gain in the price of rice brought advantages to the country. iodin of it is the increase in the total revenue of rice manufacturers. Rice is a commodity good where the price elasticity demand is inelastic. Price elasticity demand is the responsiveness of cadenc e demand to the change of price. Inelastic refers the groom where the quantity demanded is less responsive to the change in price. The following graph shows an inelastic demand curve of rice market.As the total of producers gain is greater than the total number of loss, the producer receives an advantage of higher revenue from the tragedy in Thailand. Total revenue is the result of the multiplication of the quantity sold to the price of the product. Despite the advantage, the rise in price of rice has brought wrong to the customers. As the quantity supplied of rice is decreased, therefore they are unable to buy a larger quantity of rice and as its price goes up it increases their portion of real income spent on rice, as it is a staple food.Thus, it results to the fortune be of decreased remaining real income that could be spent on other goods. Opportunity cost is the cost of the best alternative good sacrificed when a choice is made. Due to opportunity cost, the producers of non -commodity products would then be harmed as the quantity demanded for their product falls and therefore their total revenue decreases. To survive, producers will raise the price and thus harm the consumers. Thus, a firmness shall be made to avoid further loss of customers.One of them is to apply a maximum price of rice in the country. Maximum price is the price fall up by the government infra the equilibrium price in order to help the customers, cod to the high prices of certain commodity products. As seen on the graph, the maximum price is set at Pmax, below the equilibrium price of Pe. With the imposition of the policy, the customers are able to purchase rice at low price. However, with rice supplied at the maximum price, customers are demanding rice at point QD, while the quantity supplied is at Qe, which leads to a shortage.Shortage is the excess demand of goods and services. In consequence, to satisfy the demand of customers, black market might arise. downcast market is a situation where the product is sold illegally at a higher price than Pmax. The seller of the rice might also apply unfair practices to customers such as rationing, where the amount of product is shared equally among customers, creating limitation of consumption. Another solution to avoid shortage is to import the supply of rice from overseas.Import is when a country purchase goods and services overseas. The supply curve then shifts to the right and Pmax becomes the in the buff equilibrium price, thus black market and rationing would not arise. Though it would still bring disadvantage to the internal producers of rice. The imported rice would be a new substitute good to the high-priced domestic rice. The quantity demanded for locally produced rice will decrease and thus the total revenue of the local producer decreases.Another disadvantage is the occurrence of trade deficit, because the countrys import increases and we assume the export be constant. Trade deficit is the negative b alance where the countrys import is greater than its export. feeling at the advantage given by maximum price solution, it is more beneficial for Thailand to increase the producers revenue rather than to prevent illegal practices. Thus, implying maximum price as a solution is more effective compared to importing supply of rice.

Solution of Week6

puzzle 1. 7. speak out that you write a put squelch with a strike equipment casualty of $40 and an expiration date in troika months. The current expect exp hold backiture is $41 and the contract is on 100 sh ars. What create you committed yourself to? How much could you substantiate or lose? You have sold a put plectron. You have agreed to bargain for 100 shares for $40 per share if the party on the other side of the contract chooses to exercise the right to sell for this charge. The natural selection will be exercised only when the harm of received is below $40. Suppose, for example, that the option is exercised when the hurt is $30.You have to buy at $40 shares that are worth $30 you lose $10 per share, or $1,000 in total. If the option is exercised when the price is $20, you lose $20 per share, or $2,000 in total. The worst that disregard conk is that the price of the stock declines to almost zero during the three-month period. This highly unlikely event would co st you $4,000. In return for the possible forthcoming losses, you receive the price of the option from the purchaser. difficulty 1. 21. Options and futures are zero-sum games. What do you think is meant by this logical argument?The statement means that the gain (loss) to the party with the short moorage is equal to the loss (gain) to the party with the long position. In aggregate, the net gain to all parties is zero. caper 1. 30 The price of gold is currently $1,000 per troy ounce. The forward price for deliverance in wholeness year is $1,200. An arbitrageur can seize m unityy at 10% per annum. What should the arbitrageur do? Assume that the cost of storing gold is zero and that gold provides no income. The arbitrageur should borrow money to buy a certain number of ounces of gold today and short forward contracts on the same number of ounces of gold for delivery in one year.This means that gold is purchased for $1000 per ounce and sold for $1200 per ounce. Assuming the cos t of borrowed funds is less than 20% per annum this generates a riskless improvement. Problem 2. 3. Suppose that you enter into a short futures contract to sell July silver for $17. 20 per ounce. The size of the contract is 5,000 ounces. The initial brim is $4,000, and the maintenance allowance account is $3,000. What change in the futures price will lead to a allowance account call? What happens if you do non meet the marge call? There will be a margin call when $1,000 has been woolly-headed from the margin account.This will occur when the price of silver increases by 1,000/5,000 ? $0. 20. The price of silver must therefore rise to $17. 40 per ounce for there to be a margin call. If the margin call is not met, your broker closes out your position. Problem 2. 10. apologise how margins protect investors against the possibility of default. A margin is a sum of money busheled by an investor with his or her broker. It acts as a guarantee that the investor can cover any losses o n the futures contract. The balance in the margin account is adjusted occasional to reflect gains and losses on the futures contract.If losses are above a certain level, the investor is required to deposit a further margin. This system makes it unlikely that the investor will default. A similar system of margins makes it unlikely that the investors broker will default on the contract it has with the unclutter house member and unlikely that the clearing house member will default with the clearing house. Problem 2. 11. A trader buys two July futures contracts on frozen orange juice. Each contract is for the delivery of 15,000 pounds. The current futures price is 160 cents per pound, the initial margin is $6,000 per contract, and the maintenance margin is $4,500 per contract.What price change would lead to a margin call? Under what set could $2,000 be withdrawn from the margin account? There is a margin call if more than $1,500 is lost on one contract. This happens if the futures pr ice of frozen orange juice falls by more than 10 cents to below 150 cents per pound. $2,000 can be withdrawn from the margin account if there is a gain on one contract of $1,000. This will happen if the futures price rises by 6. 67 cents to 166. 67 cents per pound. Problem 2. 21. What do you think would happen if an exchange started trading a contract in which the quality of the be summation was in only specified?The contract would not be a success. Parties with short positions would hold their contracts until delivery and then deliver the cheapest form of the asset. This might well be viewed by the party with the long position as garbage Once news of the quality problem became widely known no one would be prepared to buy the contract. This shows that futures contracts are feasible only when there are rigorous standards in spite of appearance an industry for defining the quality of the asset. Many futures contracts have in practice failed because of the problem of defining qualit y. Problem 2. 6 Trader A enters into futures contracts to buy 1 million euros for 1. 4 million dollars in three months. Trader B enters in a forward contract to do the same thing. The exchange (dollars per euro) declines astutely during the first two months and then increases for the third month to close at 1. 4300. Ignoring daily settlement, what is the total pelf of each trader? When the impact of daily settlement is taken into account, which trader does go bad? The total lettuce of each trader in dollars is 0. 03? 1,000,000 = 30,000. Trader Bs profit is realized at the end of the three months.Trader As profit is realized day-by-day during the three months. Substantial losses are do during the first two months and profits are made during the final month. It is likely that Trader B has through better because Trader A had to finance its losses during the first two months. Problem 2. 29. A community enters into a short futures contract to sell 5,000 bushels of wheat for 450 cen ts per bushel. The initial margin is $3,000 and the maintenance margin is $2,000. What price change would lead to a margin call? Under what circumstances could $1,500 be withdrawn from the margin account?There is a margin call if $1000 is lost on the contract. This will happen if the price of wheat futures rises by 20 cents from 450 cents to 470 cents per bushel. $1500 can be withdrawn if the futures price falls by 30 cents to 420 cents per bushel. Problem 2. 30. Suppose that there are no storage costs for crude anoint and the interest rate for adoption or lending is 5% per annum. How could you make money on may 26, 2010 by trading July 2010 and December 2010 contracts on crude oil? Use Table 2. 2. The July 2010 settlement price for oil is $71. 51 per barrel. The December 2010 settlement price for oil is $75. 3 per barrel. You could go long one July 2010 oil contract and short one December 2010 contract. In July 2010 you take delivery of the oil borrowing $71. 51 per barrel at 5% to meet cash outflows. The interest accumulated in fivesome months is about 71. 51? 0. 05? 5/12 or $1. 49. In December the oil is sold for $75. 23 per barrel which is more than the amount that has to be repaid on the loan. The strategy therefore leads to a profit. Note that this profit is independent of the actual price of oil in June 2010 or December 2010. It will be some affected by the daily settlement procedures. Problem 3. 1.Under what circumstances are (a) a short confuse and (b) a long hedge appropriate? A short hedge is appropriate when a guild owns an asset and expects to sell that asset in the future. It can also be used when the smart set does not currently own the asset but expects to do so at some time in the future. A long hedge is appropriate when a company knows it will have to purchase an asset in the future. It can also be used to offset the risk from an existing short position. Problem 3. 3. Explain what is meant by a correct hedge. Does a perfect hedge alwa ys lead to a better outcome than an imperfect hedge?Explain your answer. A perfect hedge is one that completely eliminates the hedgers risk. A perfect hedge does not always lead to a better outcome than an imperfect hedge. It just leads to a more certain outcome. Consider a company that hedges its film to the price of an asset. Suppose the assets price movements prove to be favorable to the company. A perfect hedge totally neutralizes the companys gain from these favorable price movements. An imperfect hedge, which only partially neutralizes the gains, might well give a better outcome. Problem 3. 5.Give three reasons why the treasurer of a company might not hedge the companys exposure to a particular risk. Explain your answer. (a) If the companys competitors are not hedging, the treasurer might feel that the company will find less risk if it does not hedge. (See Table 3. 1. ) (b) The shareholders might not want the company to hedge because the risks are hedged within their portfol ios. (c) If there is a loss on the hedge and a gain from the companys exposure to the underlying asset, the treasurer might feel that he or she will have difficulty justifying the hedging to other executives within the organization.Problem 3. 17. A corn granger argues I do not use futures contracts for hedging. My real risk is not the price of corn. It is that my whole crop gets wiped out by the weather. question this viewpoint. Should the farmer estimate his or her expected production of corn and hedge to try to lock in a price for expected production? If weather creates a significant uncertainty about the glitz of corn that will be harvested, the farmer should not enter into short forward contracts to hedge the price risk on his or her expected production. The reason is as follows.Suppose that the weather is bad and the farmers production is lower than expected. Other farmers are likely to have been affected similarly. Corn production boilers suit will be low and as a conseque nce the price of corn will be relatively high. The farmers problems arising from the bad harvest will be made worse by losses on the short futures position. This problem emphasizes the importance of looking at the big picture when hedging. The farmer is correct to question whether hedging price risk while ignoring other risks is a good strategy.

The Current Positioning Of Pepsi Corporation Commerce Essay

Pepsi International is a macrocosm renowned tack name. It is a re in ally good make transnational caller, which operates well-nigh all over the universe. They produce, unmatchable of best carbonated drinks in the universe. Pepsi is a symbol of hygiene, tone and service, all over the universe.Pepsi is bring forwarding Cola for more than 100 old ages and it has dominated the universe market for a long clip. Its caput office is in pertly York.PepsiCo is the 2nd largest nutrient and drink company in the universe. It manufactures markets and dole outs a assortment of salty, sweet and grain-based bites, carbonated and non-carbonated drinks PepsiCo seeks to accomplish growing and long-run rank in its operational activities by making competitory advantages through new merchandise invention.MISSION STATEMENT To be the universe s prime consumer Merchandises fellowship focused on convenient nutrients and drinks. We seek to bring forth honorable fiscal wagess to investors as we pro vide chances for growing and en fecundment to our employees, our concern spouses and the communities in which we operate. And in everything we do, we strive for honestness, justness and unity. VISION STATEMENT To be the universe s best drink company . Bing the best agencies give outstanding fibre, service, cleanliness and place, so that their every client is contented and happy with their merchandises. To add the value of their stockholder s investing through unprocessed revenues growing, cost control and wise investing of resources. Fact ABOUT THE CompanyPepsi is a USA based public company whose stocks are available in New York.Mountain Dew, acquired by Pepsi-Cola in 1964, switches its advertisement and bundle artworks room bushwhackers to action-oriented scenes.The 3rd Mountain Dew motto appeared in 1973 Put A Small Yahoo in Your Life. PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut, Inc. Pizza Hut was founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney. wetback Bell is was acquired by Pepsi. Taco Bell was established in the mid 1960s by Glen Bell.PepsiCo purchased Kentucky fry Chicken, the leader in the speedy service poulet market. KFC was founded by Colonel Harland Sanders. Colonel Sanders began franchi gibber the company in 1952. KFC was spun off on with Pizza Hut and Taco Bell concerns as Tricon Global Restaurants, Inc. in 1997.PepsiCo purchases Seven-Up International, the 3rd largest right soft drink operation outside the United StatesSWOT Analysis, which is based on thorough review article of the concern ( corporation, merchandise class disputation, clients and merchandises ) , individualities and evaluates the internal strengths and failing of the companies good as its external menaces and chances.The selling meld is driven by the consequences of the SWOT analysis.2.1. StrengthDemand of Pepsi is more than its rivals.Company has a really established name and a good repute.Pepsi has monstrous market parcel than its rivals.As the mark clients of Pepsi is greenish coe vals, so Pepsi has more barter name loyal clients.Most of the clients are satisfied with the monetary value of the Pepsi.Pepsi is an international company and it has a really strong place internationally.The environment of mill is really good and attractive.Pepsi spends a batch of work out on its advertisement.Pepsi has a really huge distribution channel and it is easy available everyplace.Employees are at any rate motivated.Peoples like the gustatory sensation and quality ofA PepsiA around the universePepsi has heavy advertisement and promotional material activitiesPepsi offers many another(prenominal) price reduction strategies for clients clip to clip.Pepsi Cola is patronizing athleticss, musical concerts, walks2.2. WEAKNESSESPepsi does non offer any kind of bonus or price reduction to its retail merchants.Pepsi target merely immature clients in their publicities.Crown of the useable bottle is non good.Demand of disposal bottle is worsening.Result of low profile or non-exis tent advertisementPepsi Sn battalion is non available in far off agrestic countries.Pepsi is non sing many possible mer heaptile establishments like hotels, college canteens etc.Most of the drinks hand over is restricted to few states.Lack of invention.Lack of popularity of many Pepsi s trade namesHealth issues2.3. OPPORTUNITIESInventionCompany may get vote down contend ining rural countries too.The company may besides diversify its concern in some other possible concern.Launch healthy drinksIncrease mineralA waterA gross revenuesIncreased involvement of tribe in musical groups, cultural shows and athleticss has provided an chance for Pepsi to make up its gross revenues through them.Overtake rivalsIncrease Awareness plansNew engineerings that entree efficiencies.Launch otherA PepsiA discrepancies in the untapped states.2.4. MenaceThe chief rival of the company is the Coca Cola.At the international degree, Pepsi has a really strong competition with Coke.Coke has started its ads more efficaciously to join on their petition and it is a really strong menace for Pepsi.New entrants are gainingA market portionOngoing recessionCola drinks are non good for the wellness so the awareness degree of the nation is increasing which is a large menace to the companyDecrease in PepsiA brandA value in last few old ages.Some negative wellness consequence frugality instability in 3rd universe states frugal height become stillbornPolitical instability in few statesThe monetary values of natural stuffs such as sugar and metals utilizing in deceit are increasing quickly.Adversary is Thinking Seriously About Textile Sector Market bound trade names3.1. Political actorPolitical StabilityWhenever the authorities is considered to be stable, the concern volition din. If there is political stableness in the state the policies and schemes make by Pepsi can be consistent to be implemented. contrasted companies are besides acute to put in those states which are politically st able where they have no fright of diminution in their market portion or close down due to fulminant alteration of authorities.Assorted EconomyIn assorted economic system authorities and private sector both plays their function in developing the economic system of the state. Investing by foreign companies like Pepsi is more likely to boom in assorted economic system.Laws FormulationGovernment has given transcript rights to Pepsi so that another company can non sell their merchandise by the name of Pepsi. The states where Torahs are formulated, the schemes and activities of the company are different.Social ResponsibilityPepsi s societal duty is to supply its clients with clean and hygienic merchandise so to make this they have increased the habitude of disposable bottles.3.2. Economic FactorIncome and Income per CapitaIf the income degree or per capita income of the muckle increases, it entrust hold a positive consequence on the ingestion of Pepsi.InflationIf the state faces infla tionary tendency in the market, the monetary value of the Pepsi will finally increase which will take down its demand.Consumption BehaviorUnited Kingdom and other states are ingestion oriented societies. Due to intro consequence the people are more inclined towards ingestion than salvaging. So the people spent to a great extent on nutrient points. Hence Pepsi has a good market portion in the present fortunes.Income DistributionIt means how much is in the custodies of rich and hapless category. In World 10 % rich people posses 93 % of wealth and 90 % people posses 7 % of wealth. If there is balanced distribution of income in the state, the ingestion of the people will increase hence increasing the gross revenues of drinks every bit good.Payment ModAs the usage of fictile money is increasing the ingestion form of the people are increasing. Although it will hold a low affect on the ingestion of Pepsi.Employment OpportunitiesAs employment chances increase the living criterion of the pe ople access and the people consume more.Aggregate DemandIn instance of Pepsi, aggregative demand of the merchandise increases in the season of summer as the hot conditions makes the consumers want to imbibe more.Aggregate SupplyIn summer season to get by up with the increasing demand they have to increase the aggregative supply of their merchandise.Economic PoliciesSome of the economic policies which can carry on the market of Pepsi are discussed on a lower floorFiscal PolicyIt is the policy of revenue enhancements. If heavy revenue enhancement is levied on Pepsi so its monetary value will lift holding negative consequence on its ingestion.Monetary PolicyMonetary policy is made to curtail or increase the supply of money in the market. If policies are made to curtail the flow of money in the market, rising prices can be controlled therefore increasing the existent income of the people which will finally impact the ingestion of Pepsi.Monetary value PolicyIf monetary value of Pepsi i s increased its demand will diminish and frailty versa.Income PolicyIf income of the people will increase their buying power will increase and therefore increasing the market portion of Pepsi?3.3. SOCIAL FACTORSPsychographicIt is a combination of demographic and psychological factors. Psychological properties mean how you perceive things. The company will concentrate on the demeanor of consumers and do different alterations in their merchandise measure or quality and in advancing their merchandise so that they can pull the clients. Keeping in position that the behaviour of different consumers is non alike they have to do their selling schemes in conformity with their demands so that they are confident(p) to purchase the merchandise.ReligiousReligious factors can act upon the market gross revenues of Pepsi as it happened in 2003 when the U.S-led onslaught on Iraq, abundant subdivisions of society in Pakistan have banned American multinationals Coke and PepsiSocial StatusPepsi is a good celebrated trade name. Peoples who are trade name witting will non imbibe drinks of lesser known trade names. They will seek to demo their position by imbibing Pepsi which is known to all as a quality drink.MediaIt is a really of import factor for selling. Media these yearss is a really effectual manner of animating people to purchase a specific merchandise. A good publicity can tout up gross revenues to a great extent.3.4. Technological FactorResearch and DevelopmentThrough research and development quality of the merchandise can be improved or better techniques or machinery can be developed which can increase the production. When engineering is advance the supply of the merchandise addition hence the company experiences growing in their concern.Pepsi operates in about all the states and these are besides technological factorsIntroduction of tins and plastic BottlesNewer and attractive DesignsAState-of-the-art workssAd3.5. OTHERS Factors3.5.1. DEMOFGRAPHIC FactorAgeThe demands of different age groups are different. Pepsi should aim that age group that consumes it the most and do promotional schemes harmonizing to their behaviour. So their chief mark is the immature coevals.EducationA company has to do promotional schemes maintaining in position the client degree. If the per centum of teaching is high in a state so through advertizements people can be made good cognizant of their merchandise and can convey their message easy. Promotion and instruction has a localize relationship.Population DistributionPopulation distribution means how much population lives urban countries and rural countries. Pepsi is concentrating on urban countries as people there are more inclined towards such drink while people in rural countries are more inclined imbibing desi drinks.3.5.2. Physical FactorRegionWorld is divided into different geographical parts. change and gross revenues of Pepsi is different in different geographical parts. In hot countries its demand is more.Cit y SizeThe metropoliss which are dumbly populated the ingestion of Pepsi is more.ClimatePepsi is more suited for humid or hot weather-beaten states. It is a starting time of refreshment when a individual is 30 due to the hot conditions.InfrastructureRoadss are the basic demand for cover of Pepsi from one topographic point to another. Pepsi can non open mills in every metropolis so it has to transport it to other metropoliss where Pepsi is demanded.Electricity is the basic necessity for production of any merchandise. Changeless burden roll slows down the procedure of production which leads to less production and low market portion.The selling universe is copious of surprises. Who could conceive of that Coca Cola would be overtaken by Pepsi? If Coke could be overrun by Pepsi, it would be no admiration that Pepsi might be overtaken by some other drink. The demand so is to yoke quality with inventiveness. Along with that, the repute of the company has to be kept robust.Today we live in a fast moving universe where freshness and newness count a batch. One can non rest on one s awards. Fresh attempts, newness of attack must stay the central rules of a well score selling scheme and the run must be relentless.A uninterrupted barrage in advertizement would convert the clients that Pepsi is a portion of their lives. In order to populate with manner, Pepsi ought to be an indispensable ingredient of one s life. The Pepsi is at its adulthood phase and the gross revenues of company are non turning really quickly. Company is making a batch of promotional activities to allow the merchandise remain in the market. It holds a big portion of the market and whenever the gross revenues province worsening, the company can better it by different promotional activities.Sellers of Pepsi can seek to better gross revenues by bettering one or more selling salmagundi elements. They can cut monetary values to pull new users and rival s clients. They can besides establish a better adve rtisement run or usage aggressive gross revenues publicity to better the gross revenues. Therefore, Pepsi is at its adulthood phase.Pepsis, the blame of Generation next is non supplying the first pick of immature coevals. A immature coevals wants something strong in cold drinks & A therefore prefers Thumsup. Pepsi should come out with some excess strong gustatory sensation to catch up maximal immature coevals & A to go precisely Generation Next drink.Company should name competent & A honest salesman so that they could supply strategies to the encompassing retail merchant s & A cover their full path.It is frequently seen that some salesman do non adumbrate strategies to the retail merchant & A few of the retail merchants complained about it. So there should be frequent visits of Customer Executives to their several countries to maintain the tradesmans benefited with assorted strategies.Delay in get downing of supply new waves from several terminal should be checked & amp a pr oper clip registry should be kept up(p).Most of the retail merchants are kicking about non-fulfillment of committednesss sing their sampling. Company should do certain that the retail merchants get the sampling on clip so that they are satisfied.Most of the retail merchants are kicking about hold & A no replacing of stop bottles. marketing Management should screen some solutions to this major job of replacing burst bottles.One-half fill bottles should besides be checked at the clip of issue of goods from the distributer s travel down to the several paths.Company should seek to give some recognition installation to the distributers so that they get motivated. quote installation for retail merchants should be provided.Proper feedback system should be developed by guaranting regular visits & A look into indiscriminately at the assorted mercantile establishmentsPepsi is a good renowned company and it has maintained its place good by understanding the client psychological science, b y guaranting quality, by presenting inventiveness in merchandises, by enlarging its merchandise base, by maintaining economic factors in position and by intense and jazzy advertizements.Whenever and where of all time there is a spotlight event, Pepsi must calculate in, like the cricket and football lucifers among any state and many other such occasions. The cardinal word for success in the Marketing World is to stay in the limelight and that is what Pepsi is making.SWOT Analysis of Pepsi, which is based on thorough review article of the concern ( corporation, merchandise class competition, clients and merchandises ) , individualities and evaluates the internal strengths and failing of the company good as its external menaces and chances.